Test results are analyzed to identify the major causes of defect and which is the phase that has introduced most of the defects. This can be achieved through cause/effect analysis or Pareto analysis. Analysis of test results can provide several test matrics. Where matrices are measure to quantify s/w, s/w development resources and s/w development process. Few matrices which we can provide are: 

Defect density: total no of defects reported during testing/size of project.

Test effectiveness'/(t+uat).
where t: total no of defect recorded during testing.

and UAT: total no of defect recorded during use acceptance testing.

Defect removal efficiency(DRE): (total no of defect removed / total no of defect injected)*100.